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The Authority on the Integrated PV Manufacturing Chain

Every solar panel begins
as quartz.

One tonne of quartz, five transformations. Viridis.iQ delivers engineering, consulting, and technology services across the entire integrated PV manufacturing chain - from quartz to finished modules.

View services → See the toolkit → Watch the film → Talk to us
Read more ↓
100+
Projects completed
30+
Countries served
Since 2012
Independent practice
Our Services

Fifteen core capabilities,
one delivery model.

From FEL-1 process design through operating plant optimisation, from market analysis and financial modelling through procurement and PMO, to the procedures and training that make a plant run - each engagement is scoped to the project stage, risk profile, and decision the client needs to make.

Engage us →
Building a project
Owner's engineering, conceptual through detailed design, EPC preparation, commissioning support, and technology selection - from FEL-1 to first production.
Financing a project
Independent technical due diligence, lender's engineer services, construction monitoring, drawdown certification, and ramp-up milestone sign-off for project finance transactions.
Operating a project
Yield improvement, energy efficiency, quality upgrade, troubleshooting, and process stabilisation for operating silicon and PV manufacturing plants.
Entering the market
Market analysis, entry strategy, key-player mapping, international trade and tariff assessment, and supply chain risk - for new entrants to silicon and PV manufacturing.
Filter by need
01

Owner's Engineering

End-to-end technical representation of the project owner from FEL-3 (FEED) through commissioning, with full budget, schedule, and quality discipline. We act as the owner's technical authority on site, managing EPC interfaces, reviewing technical submittals, and certifying milestones.

Engage us →
02

Lender's Engineering

Independent technical due diligence and ongoing construction monitoring for project finance lenders. We assess technology risk, review contractor competence, issue drawdown certification, and provide ramp-up milestone sign-off - covering all stages from financial close through commercial operation.

Engage us →
03

Conceptual & Basic Engineering

Process design, mass and energy balances, equipment sizing, and capital cost estimates from FEL-1 (conceptual) through FEL-3 (FEED / basic engineering). We produce the technical foundation that project sponsors, lenders, and EPC contractors rely on to commit capital and proceed to execution.

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04

Technical Due Diligence

Technology assessment, risk identification, and independent review for equity and debt transactions. We evaluate process maturity, operating track record, capex credibility, and execution risk - producing technical reports that hold up under board and lender scrutiny across the silicon and PV value chain.

Engage us →
05

Process Optimisation

Yield improvement, energy efficiency, and quality upgrade programmes for operating metallurgical silicon plants. We combine mass balance reconciliation, electrode system analysis, reductant selection (charcoal, coal, and sustainably sourced biocarbon), and raw material qualification to deliver measurable improvements in grade, throughput, energy use, and carbon intensity per tonne.

Engage us →
06

Technology Selection

Vendor-neutral equipment and process technology assessment, comparative benchmarking, and integration risk analysis. We evaluate SAF configurations, off-gas systems, casting technology, and auxiliary equipment - giving owners and lenders an independent technical basis for selection decisions.

Engage us →
07

Silicon Strategic Advisory

Market positioning, competitive analysis, and technology strategy for silicon producers, developers, and investors. We assess market entry timing, grade mix strategy, competitive moats, and the long-run implications of polysilicon and mgSi oversupply cycles - translating technical realities into strategic options.

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08

Financial Modelling

Segmented and integrated financial models for silicon and PV projects. We build 20-year project economics from first principles - including Monte Carlo IRR distributions, grade-mix revenue modelling, energy cost sensitivities, and debt-service coverage analysis - in formats ready for board approval and lender review.

Engage us →
09

Supply Chain Advisory

Raw material qualification, logistics assessment, and supply chain risk analysis for silicon plant operators and developers. We evaluate quartz and reductant sources, transport constraints, inventory strategy, and supplier concentration risk - supporting both greenfield procurement design and operating plant supply chain resilience.

Engage us →
10

Risk Analysis

Structured risk identification, quantification, and mitigation planning for silicon and PV capital projects. We apply FEL-stage risk registers, Monte Carlo cost and schedule risk modelling, and technology risk matrices - producing outputs that meet the standard required by multilateral lenders and international equity sponsors.

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11

Vendor Auditing

Technical audits of equipment suppliers, EPC contractors, and process licensors for silicon and PV projects. We assess manufacturing capability, quality management systems, track record, and financial stability - giving owners and lenders independent assurance on the parties who will build and operate their assets.

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12

Procurement Services

Specification writing, pre-qualification, tender management, and technical bid evaluation for major equipment and services packages. We manage the full procurement cycle on behalf of project owners - from scope definition through contract award - applying silicon-specific technical standards and commercial discipline.

Engage us →
13

Market Analysis

Market intelligence for new entrants to the silicon and PV value chain. We map demand outlooks, capacity pipelines, key players, and cost curves; assess market-entry strategies and timing; and evaluate international trade flows, tariff regimes, and supply chain exposure - giving first-time entrants an independent, defensible basis for the entry decision.

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14

Project Management & PMO

Professional project and programme management for silicon and PV capital projects. We set up and run the project management office - stage-gate governance, integrated cost and schedule control, earned value and progress reporting, interface coordination, change and claims management, and live risk registers - giving owners and boards a single, disciplined view of programmes from FEL through ramp-up.

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15

SOPs, Training & Onboarding

Standard operating procedures, training, and onboarding programmes for silicon and PV facilities. We author ISO-aligned SOP libraries covering startup through emergency shutdown, build role-based curricula for operators, shift supervisors, and maintenance teams, and run structured onboarding - including 3D plant walkthroughs - that brings new workforces to competence before first production.

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Why Viridis.iQ

Independent.
Operator-grounded.
Audit-grade.

We hold no equipment-supplier affiliation, no EPC ownership interest, and no financier dependency - so our technical advice answers to the project, not to a vendor. Our engineers have operated SAF furnaces and PV lines themselves, and every mass and energy balance we issue closes to first principles. That combination - independence, operating depth, and engineering rigour - is what clients retain us for.

Talk to us →
30+
Countries served
15
Core capabilities
17+
Disciplines in-house
2012
Independent since
6
Value chain stages
100+
Projects completed
Selected References A selection of 100+ completed projects

Delivered across
30+ countries.

Delivered across 30+ countries and every stage of the integrated PV manufacturing chain: owner's engineer, lender's advisor, and independent technical authority.

Quartz to Module
Full value chain
100+
Projects completed
2012
Independent since
Silicon
Polysilicon
Downstream PV

Metallurgical Silicon

16 references
China CN
Basic · Detailed · EPCM

Basic, detailed and to-be-built engineering project for 16 SAFs integrated to a polysilicon plant, including waste heat recycling, low-cost electrode technology and state-of-the-art furnace control systems.

Iceland IS
Technical Advisor · Commissioning

Technical Advisor and engineering auditor; support on conceptual, basic and detailed engineering, operator training, process and production manuals and SOPs, Cold/Hot commissioning, know-how transfer, on-the-job training and startup of 2 × 42 MVA SAF.

Malaysia MY
Commissioning · Process Stabilisation

Training, cold and hot commissioning, process stabilisation for greenfield silicon plant (2 × SAF). Followed by operational diagnostics execution and implementation of production improvements in 4 × 16.3 MVA Chinese-designed SAF.

Slovakia SK
Operational Excellence · Upgrade

Diagnostic of operational excellence, support of furnaces production and alternative electrode technology design during upgrades, commissioning and operation support for 1 × 22 MVA SAF.

Oman OM
Owner's Engineer · Feasibility

Technical project advisor, engineering auditor and feasibility study assessment for a greenfield 40,000 tpy metallurgical silicon factory.

Kazakhstan KZ
Diagnostics · Engineering Audit

Diagnostics of operational excellence in 2 × 30 MVA SAF, upgrade and engineering audit, operation optimisation opportunities.

Canada CA
PEA · Technical Design · Capital

Integrated silicon/ferrosilicon hybrid plant for 3 × 40.5 MVA SAF - PEA pursuant to 43-101 regulations, technical design, capital cost estimates, evaluations and scaling assessments.

UAE AE
Owner's Engineer · Pre-feasibility

Owner's engineer technical audit and analysis of pre-feasibility study, layout, technology, assumptions and viability for 2 × 24 MW SAF.

Iceland IS
Acquisition Advisory

Senior advisor to investors on the acquisition of an idled silicon plant - plant audit and due diligence, engagement with banks, legal and production teams, and acquisition strategy. Idled plant capacity 20,000 tpy, 1 × SAF.

Bosnia BA
Training · Process Stabilisation

On-site operations and process improvement team responsible for stabilising the process on a 1 × SAF operation - identifying excess fume generation, raw material mix optimisation and electrode controls, alongside training, troubleshooting and upgrade analysis.

Kuwait KW
Operational Management

Operational diagnostics implementation and on-site production management for a single SAF operation.

India IN
Conceptual Engineering

Conceptual engineering for an integrated mgSi/poly plant including electrical, mechanical, equipment, buildings and utilities, RFQs, vendor selection, OPEX, CAPEX, technology risks.

South Korea KR
Training · Know-how Transfer

Lead advisor to the client on the relationship between metallurgical silicon and polysilicon production, including training classes for approximately 50 client staff across all aspects of mgSi.

Trinidad & Tobago TT
Feasibility · Financial Assessment

Government-sponsored feasibility study and financial assessment for an integrated mgSi/poly/PV downstream factory to support Caribbean energy demand.

Algeria DZ
Feasibility · Market Entry · Conceptual

Feasibility study, market entry assessment and conceptual engineering for a metallurgical silicon facility.

Egypt EG
PMC · Engineering · Lender's Engineer

Project management consultancy, process and engineering services, project controls, market intelligence and lender's engineer services for a metallurgical silicon facility.

Polysilicon

5 references
Qatar QA
EPCM

STC-TCS-CVD plant with vent-gas recovery - basic and detailed engineering, equipment design, procurement, construction and commissioning, with project management from feasibility through site evaluation. Capacity 8,000 tpy, delivered 2013-2019.

India IN
Owner's Engineer

Owner's engineer for an HC-TCS-CVD plant - conceptual design, cost studies and factory integration analysis, with procurement support. Capacity 30,000 tpy.

Ukraine UA
EPCM

Basic and detailed engineering, equipment design, procurement, construction, commissioning and start-up; vent-gas recovery and TCS synthesis. Capacity 3,600 tpy.

Trinidad & Tobago TT
Integrated Feasibility

Government-sponsored feasibility study and financial assessment for an integrated silicon industrial complex spanning mgSi, polysilicon, ingot/wafer and solar modules, led with a combined team of engineers and economists to support Caribbean energy demand. Polysilicon capacity 10,000 tpy.

Australia AU
Poly to Module

Conceptual engineering for an integrated HC-TCS-CVD polysilicon-to-module scope - business planning, project presentation and site bidding process, cost calculations, site analysis and integration-benefit strategy.

Downstream PV

11 references
India IN
Owner's Engineer

Basic engineering design for a 5 GW integrated ingot/cell/module factory.

India IN
Owner's Engineer

Technology evaluation and selection, project management, vendor evaluation, contractual support with turnkey/EPC suppliers and onsite support. Scope 4-10 GW, 2021-current.

Saudi Arabia SA
JV Due Diligence

Owner's engineer and technical due diligence of potential JV partner for PV manufacturing; project owners advisory across business and technology. Scope 10 GW, 2019-current.

Turkey TR
Basic Engineering

Basic engineering and plant startup and commissioning. Capacity 1.2 GW, delivered 2019-2021.

USA US
Technology Selection

Technology selection and design for a 3.5 GW cell/module manufacturing facility, 2020-2022.

Turkey TR
First Al-BSF Cell Factory

First solar cell factory in Turkey - start of ramp-up Al-BSF, wet chemical tools design and project startup. Capacity 240 MW, delivered 2018-2019.

Trinidad & Tobago TT
Integrated PV Cluster Feasibility

Owner's engineer and feasibility study for an integrated PV manufacturing cluster targeting global and Caribbean markets. Scope 750 MW ingot/cell/module, 2013-2014.

Ethiopia ET
Solar Cell & Module

Solar cell and module engineering services.

Australia AU
mgSi to Ingot/Wafer

Conceptual engineering and business planning for a metallurgical silicon to ingot/wafer integrated scope - project presentation and site bidding process, cost studies and integration-benefit strategy.

Brazil BR
Preliminary Feasibility · Integrated PV

Preliminary feasibility study for the integrated production of metallurgical silicon, polysilicon, ingot/wafer and modules.

Thailand TH
Feasibility · Integrated PV

Conceptual engineering and business planning for an integrated HC-TCS-CVD polysilicon plant, including project presentation and cost calculations. Capacity 30,000 tpy.

Proprietary Digital Tools

Eight instruments.
One practice.

Standalone HTML tools. No server, no dependencies. Calibrated to first-principles operating data. The full PV manufacturing knowledge base at the tip of your fingers. Each instrument ships as a single file, runs offline, and can be calibrated to client-specific plant parameters.

Schedule a demo → Coming soon
01mgSi

mgSi Process Map

Process · Visualisation
02mgSi

mgSi Quality Simulator

Flagship · Simulation
03mgSi

mgSi Expert

Operations · Knowledge
04Polysilicon

Polysilicon Process Map

Process · Visualisation
05Polysilicon

Polysilicon Expert

Operations · Knowledge
06Cross-chain

PV Value Chain

Value Chain · Integration
07Finance

Financial Dashboard

Finance · Modelling
08Training

3D Plant Walkthrough

Training · Immersive
Live extract · mgSi Product Quality Simulator
Four relationships taken directly from the instrument. Move a control to see the model respond.
Process capability
Cpk = (limit − mean) / 3σ

The simulator reports the minimum Cpk across all 11 trace elements - the limiting element sets the grade. Thresholds are the instrument's own: ≥1.33 capable, 1.0-1.33 marginal, <1.0 not capable.

1.48
Minimum Cpk
Capable
Removal kinetics
C(t) / C₀ = exp(−k · teff)

First-order decay against total gas exposure. Fill contributes at half stirring effectiveness on a shallow bath, so teff = refine + fill / 2 × 0.5. P is the slowest removable element at k = 0.0005; B, Fe, Ni and Cu are non-removable by oxidative ladle refining.

50
Effective exposure (min)
Ladle cycle & throughput
cycle = fill + refine + 15 min cast

Refining time is bought at the cost of throughput - the trade the instrument exists to quantify. Ladle mass and the 15-minute casting allowance are the simulator's defaults.

21.2
Tonnes per day
155 min · 9.3 ladles/day
Removal floors
Ca ≥ (1 − caRem) · Ca₀

Kinetics alone would drive concentrations to zero, so the model applies a floor per element: no refining schedule removes more than the cap you set. This is what keeps a simulated heat physically honest.

90
Ca floor (ppm)
Viridis.iQ GmbH · mgSi Quality Simulator · constants per PFD-001 REV 0 / VIQ-154-CLC-005 REV1
Illustrative model - not a guarantee of plant performance
The Integrated PV Manufacturing Chain

The integrated PV manufacturing chain,
one engineering partner.

From raw quartz and reductants through metallurgical silicon, polysilicon, ingot, wafer, cell, and module. We work at every stage with the same engineering and commercial discipline.

The Integrated PV
Manufacturing Chain
QUARTZ
01

Quartz

Raw-material assessment, quality simulation, mine models, process and equipment design, and CAPEX/OPEX estimation.

METALLURGICAL SILICON
02

Metallurgical Silicon

Carbothermic reduction of quartz, electrode systems, off-gas handling, and bed permeability management.

POLYSILICON
03

Polysilicon

Hydrochlorination, distillation, and CVD process integration for solar-grade silicon production.

INGOT & WAFER
04

Ingot & Wafer

Czochralski and directional solidification, wire-saw operations, and yield engineering.

SOLAR CELL
05

Solar Cell

Cell process technology selection, line qualification, and manufacturing yield optimisation.

SOLAR MODULE
06

Solar Module

Module assembly, lamination and framing, reliability testing, and finished-product quality assurance.

Capabilities on this stage
Instruments
Selected engagements
Engage us on this stage →
Independent Voice

Your trusted
technical partner.

Building or financing a silicon or PV asset? We bring the engineering depth and commercial independence that serious capital decisions require.

Start a project → About the practice
The Practice

Viridis.iQ.
Konstanz, Germany.

Viridis.iQ GmbH is an independent engineering and consulting firm headquartered in Konstanz, Germany. Founded in 2012, we work on integrated solar and silicon manufacturing projects worldwide.

Our team of engineers, operators, and market specialists works at the intersection of process knowledge and commercial reality. We are free of equipment-supplier ties, EPC affiliations, or financier influence - which lets us put our clients' interests first.

A joint venture with RCT Solutions GmbH operates as RCT Viridis Projects GmbH, extending our capability across project execution and equipment integration.

Start a project → RCT Solutions ↗
Managing Directors
Dr. W. Herbst · L. C. Parous III
Registered
GmbH · HRB 708759
Registered office
Bücklestraße 3, 78467 Konstanz
Disciplines In-House

Every capability a project needs,
under one roof.

A full multidisciplinary team: from process and electrical engineering to finance, legal, and project controls, so a silicon or PV project can be delivered end to end.

17 disciplines under one roof - one integrated team.
Engineering06
Process Engineers
Electrical Engineers
Mechanical Engineers
Utility Engineers
Safety & HAZOP
QA / QC
Design & Integration03
3D Modelling
Layout & Design
Integration Experts
Project Delivery03
Project Management
PMO
PMC
Commercial & Advisory05
Market Analysts
Strategists
Finance Specialists
Trade & Supply Chain
Legal
Let's connect

Building or financing a
silicon or PV asset?

Bücklestraße 3, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
info@viridis-iq.de

If you contact us via email or the contact form, the data you provide will be used for the purpose of processing your request. We must have this data in order to process and answer your enquiry; otherwise we will not be able to answer it in full or at all. The legal basis for this data processing is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. b) GDPR. Your data will be deleted once we have fully answered your enquiry and there is no further legal obligation to store it - see our Privacy Policy.
Sent straight to our team. We reply within two business days.
See the toolkit
The Viridis.iQ Toolkit

Audit-grade instruments for the silicon & PV chain.

Eight standalone tools, calibrated to first-principles operating data. The full PV manufacturing knowledge base at the tip of your fingers. Each runs offline as a single file and can be tuned to your plant.

8Instruments
6Value chain stages
100%First-principles calibrated
The Toolkit

Eight instruments.
One discipline.

From the furnace tap to the finished module. Each instrument is general-purpose, runs offline, and can be calibrated to client-specific plant parameters.

01 / Eight mgSi

mgSi Process Map

Process · Visualisation

Animated live process flow map for metallurgical-grade silicon plants - scalable to any plant size and furnace configuration. Five interactive views covering the complete material and energy picture from raw inputs through cast product.

  • Configurable furnace count and capacity
  • Mass, energy, and Sankey views
  • 100% energy closure model
Request access →
02 / Eight mgSi

mgSi Quality Simulator

Flagship · Simulation

Monte Carlo probabilistic quality model for metallurgical-grade silicon. Propagates raw material variability through furnace recovery and directional solidification to grade-conformance distributions.

  • n = 5,000 Monte Carlo iterations
  • 11 trace elements · 92 parameters
  • Cpk gauge, process windows, benchmarks
Request access →
03 / Eight mgSi

mgSi Expert

Operations · Knowledge

Structured operating-procedures library for metallurgical silicon plant personnel. Searchable operator procedures covering startup, steady state, upset recovery, and shutdown.

  • 127 operator procedures
  • Startup through shutdown
  • Calibrated to plant SOPs
Request access →
Coming soon
04 / Eight Polysilicon

Polysilicon Process Map

Process · Visualisation

Animated process flow map for a Siemens-route polysilicon plant. Traces trichlorosilane synthesis, distillation, CVD deposition, and recovery with a coupled mass and energy picture.

  • TCS synthesis through CVD
  • Mass, energy, and recovery views
  • Closed chlorine and hydrogen loops
Notify me →
Coming soon
05 / Eight Polysilicon

Polysilicon Expert

Operations · Knowledge

Structured operating-procedures library for polysilicon plant personnel. Procedures spanning reactor operation, distillation control, deposition cycles, and hazardous-material handling.

  • Reactor and distillation procedures
  • Deposition cycle management
  • Hazardous-material handling
Notify me →
06 / Eight Cross-chain

PV Value Chain

Value Chain · Integration

Integrated transfer-price model tracing margin and value from SiO₂ through polysilicon, ingot, wafer, cell, and module. Runs standalone for any segment or the full chain.

  • SiO₂ to module margin trace
  • Per-segment or full chain
  • Transfer-price sensitivity
Request access →
07 / Eight Finance

Financial Dashboard

Finance · Modelling

Twenty-year project economics model for metallurgical silicon and PV plants. Integrates capital cost, operating cost, grade-mix revenue, and financing into one defensible view.

  • 20-year project economics
  • Capex, opex, and financing
  • Board- and lender-ready outputs
Request access →
08 / Eight Training

3D Plant Walkthrough

Training · Immersive

SolidWorks-based virtual plant tour for operator training, know-how transfer, and commissioning readiness. Trainees navigate a full-scale 3D plant before arriving on site.

  • Full-scale 3D plant model
  • Operator training and onboarding
  • Commissioning readiness
Request access →
How It Works

From request to calibrated tool.

01

Request access

Tell us which instruments you need and the plant or project they support. We respond within two business days.

02

Scope & calibrate

We confirm scope and, where needed, calibrate the tool to your plant parameters and operating data.

03

Choose your access

Subscribe at the level that fits your team - Essential for focused use, or Professional for the full toolkit with no limits.

EssentialProfessional
04

Support & update

Ongoing support and model updates keep each instrument current as your project advances.

Two levels of access Same instruments, calibrated to how far you need to take them.
Essential
Focused access to core instruments for review and early-stage work.
  • Selected instruments from the toolkit
  • View-only results - no data export
  • Standard models, no plant-specific calibration
  • Watermarked, non-shareable exports
Ideal for evaluating the tools or supporting a single review.
No restrictions
Professional
The complete toolkit, fully unlocked and calibrated to your plant.
  • Full instrument library - every tool
  • Full data export of every result
  • Plant-specific calibration to your data
  • Clean, shareable exports - no watermark
Built for teams taking results to a board or a lender's technical advisor.
Request Access

Tell us about your project.

Send us your details and the instruments you are interested in. We will follow up with scope, calibration options, and access terms.

Viridis.iQ GmbH
Bücklestraße 3, 78467 Konstanz, Germany
info@viridis-iq.de
If you contact us via email or the contact form, the data you provide will be used for the purpose of processing your request. We must have this data in order to process and answer your enquiry; otherwise we will not be able to answer it in full or at all. The legal basis for this data processing is Art. 6 Para. 1 lit. b) GDPR. Your data will be deleted once we have fully answered your enquiry and there is no further legal obligation to store it - see our Privacy Policy.
Opens your email client with the details filled in.
About the Toolkit

Built by the engineers who know silicon.

Every instrument in the toolkit is built on Viridis.iQ's own engineering and operating data across the silicon and photovoltaic value chain. The models are not generic templates. They are calibrated to first-principles balances and validated against real plant performance.

The tools are designed to be defensible: in front of a board, a lender's technical advisor, or an operating team. Each ships as a single offline file with no server dependency, and can be tuned to client-specific parameters.

Instruments8 standalone tools
CoveragemgSi, polysilicon, ingot/wafer, cell, module
DeploymentSingle offline file, no server
CalibrationClient-specific plant parameters
OwnerViridis.iQ GmbH, Konstanz
The Brand Film

Ninety seconds,
five transformations.

90 sec · The silicon story